Elements of Photography 

Line- is the most basic building of photo analysis. Lines can be used to create more complex shapes or to lead your eye from one area to another in the composition to another.

Value-  the degree of light and dark in a design. It is the contrast between black and white and all the tones in between. Value can be used in color as well as in black and white, contrast is the extreme changes between values. 

Shape- are created when lines are combined to form a square, triangle, or circle. Shapes can be organic (irregular shapes found in nature) or geometric (shapes with strong lines or angles such as circles, triangles or squares).

Forms- are three dimensional shapes with lengths, widths, and depths. Balls, cylinders, boxes, and pyramids are forms. 

Space- is the area between and around objects. Increasing or decreasing the amount of space around the objects affects the way we view the object.

Color- differentiates and defines lines, shapes, forms and space. Even black and white images have a huge number of different shades of grey.

Texture- Is the surface quality that can be seen and felt. textures can be rough or smooth, soft or hard. Textures are often implied. For instance a drawing of a rock may appear to have a hard or rough texture but in reality is as smooth as the paper its drawn on. 

Principles of Photography

Balance- is created in a work of art when textures, shapes, colors, forms are combined harmoniously. 

Contrast- is the use of several elements of design  to hold the viewers attention and to guide the viewers eye through the artwork. 

Movement- is the way a viewers eye is directed to move through a composition, often to areas of emphasis. Movement can be directed by lines, contrasting shapes, or colors within the artwork. 

Emphasis- is created in a work of art when the artist contrasts colors, textures, or shapes to direct your viewing towards a particular part of the image. 

Pattern- the repetition of a shape, form, or texture across a work of art. 

Proportion- is created when sizes of elements in a work of art are combined harmoniously.

Unity- is created when principles of analysis are present in a composition and in harmony. Some images have a complete sense of unity, while other artist completely avoid unity to create a sense of panic and anxiety.